Nonetheless, there are some limitations to this therapeutic approach; for instance, the TITRATE study showed that although the majority of T2DM patients who were initiated on once-daily basal insulin following inadequate glycemic control with OADs, achieved an HbA1c level of <7 %, they did not achieve FPG targets of 3.9–5.0 mmol/L or 4.4–6.1 mmol/L [20]. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.