Interestingly, most of these genes with highly deregulated expression in both primary tumors and their corresponding liver metastases have been previously found to be altered/involved in colorectal cancer (e.g., FOXQ1, MMP7, TACSTD2 CLCA4, CA1, AQP8, ZG16, GUCA2B and SLC26A3) and/or they have been identified as genes that are relevant to the metastatic process (e.g., FOXQ1, MMP7, TACSTD2 CLCA4, CA1, AQP8 and SLC26A3); similarly the miRNAs, miR-503, miR-3687, miR-215, miR-133a, miR-375, miR-183, miR-1290, miR-224, miR-1246, have also been reported to be typically altered in CRC. The gene discussed is CA1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.