Similar to the CD38+ CD4+ T cells circulating in vivo in the P. falciparum experimental infection model, this in vitro generated CD38+ CD4+ T cell population showed a phenotype associated with recent activation (Fig 7C and 7D) and cytotoxic potential at both protein (Fig 7E and 7F) and mRNA levels (Fig 7G). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.