CES1 and congestive heart failure: Also, environmental factors may have affected the impact of CES1 variants and ACEI treatment on the plasma ATII/ATI ratio, including dietary habits, and results might have been influenced by CES1-dependent interactions with endogenous CES1 substrates and other CES1-metabolised drugs often used for patients with CHF, e.g., simvastatin and carvedilol [59–62].