The anti-apoptotic effect of PI3K/AKT signaling after IGF-I stimulation was found to be reversed upon overexpression of PTEN in PCM cell lines lacking PTEN, suggesting that the loss of PTEN is also responsible for uncontrolled IGF-IR-induced AKT activity in these cells [139, 140]. The gene discussed is PTEN; the disease is paracoccidioidomycosis.