TGFB1 and asthma: TGF-β1, a pleiotropic cytokine that had been evidenced to be involved in the synthesis of matrix molecules in the ASM cells, especially on the synthesis of collagen types I, III, IV, VII and X, fibronectin and proteoglycans [4], has been implicated in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling in asthma [5–7].