SMAD3 and asthma: Further technological advances led to GWAS [40], and associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [13], which detected a completely different set of genes; interleukin (IL) 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1) and IL18 receptor 1 (IL18R1), IL33, HLA-DQ, SMAD3, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), ORM1-like 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSDMB) as asthma susceptibility genes expressed in airway epithelium (Table 1) [13, 14, 41–43].