A growing number of in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that the levels of inflammatory factors present in tumor tissues and serum, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), are often higher in patients with HCC. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.