As of 2016, immunotherapies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of relapsed/refractory melanoma [19], squamous cell lung cancer [20, 21], non-small cell lung cancer [22], renal cell carcinoma [23], and most recently bladder cancer [24]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.