SPP1 and atherosclerosis: Consistent with previous studies, the current results showed that the expression of integrin αvβ3 increased in a dose-dependent manner with 0.1 to 10 mIU/mL TSH over 24 h at the same rate as OPN, which may indicate the ligand-receptor interaction of OPN and integrin αvβ3 during the early stage of atherosclerosis.