Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is currently recommended as the standard first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC patients harboring EGFR active mutation, based on the consistent results of a series of phase III randomized trials (IPASS [3], NEJ002 [4], OPTIMAL [5], ENSURE [6], etc.), which has demonstrated superiority over conventional platinum-based chemotherapy in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.