Considering the clinical value of anti-EGFR therapy in RAS wild-type colorectal cancer [19–23, 39] and the theoretical advantage of anti-EGFR treatment during radiotherapy [26, 27] together with the data suggesting that dual inhibition of EGFR and HER-2 may be synergistic [31, 32], one can hypothesize that lapatinib is an ideal candidate for optimizing the neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and colorectal cancer.