Markedly elevated CSF concentrations of CXCL8 were detected in neurosyphilis patients (median 104.55 pg/ml, ranged from 13.59 to 1000 pg/ml) in comparison to that in non-neurosyphilis patients (median 26.28 pg/ml, ranged from 2 to 127.47 pg/ml, p = 0.000) (Fig. 2B), but the difference was not statistically different (p = 0.095) between symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis patients (Fig. 2H). Here, CXCL8 is linked to neurosyphilis.