Lichen sclerosus was characterized by the overexpression of several genes associated with tissue remodeling and inflammation, including matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, cytokine chemokine ligands 5 (RANTES), interleukin 4, transforming growth factor-β2 and its corresponding receptor [30]. Here, IL4 is linked to lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.