Accumulating evidence indicates that several herbal therapeutic agents and natural products exhibited renal protective effect in diabetic rats partly through anti-hyperglycemia, which was accompanied by attenuation of inflammatory processes via inhibition of NF-κB/TGF-β1 signaling pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rat model [29,30]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.