Taken together, although our findings suggest that targeting PKC, particular PKCα, may provide a novel therapeutic approach to overcome Rack1 overexpression-induced chemoresistance in T-ALL cells, the role of Rack1 and PKCα-related signaling should be further studied and validated in a large amount of T-ALL patients with various responses to chemotherapy and the age-matched healthy controls. The gene discussed is RACK1; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.