Shorter survival was demonstrated in patients with older age at the beginning of the study (HR 1.027, 95% CI 1.018–1.035 per each 1-year increase, P < 0.000001), CAD (HR 2.101, 95% CI 1.682–2.626, P < 0.000001), diabetic nephropathy (HR 1.577, 95% CI 1.248–1.994, P = 0.0001), and lower serum PTH concentrations (HR 1.035, 95% CI 1.011–1.059 per each 100 pg/mL decrease, P = 0.004). The gene discussed is PTH; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.