Beyond its metabolic function in energy regulation, leptin is implicated in various other physiological processes, including the immune response, inflammatory reactions, and the development of carcinomas, cardiovascular, nervous system, chronic liver, and several respiratory diseases [12–15], including obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute lung injury (ALI) [13, 16–18]. The gene discussed is LEP; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.