MIF and infection: We have shown using a trypanosusceptible model based on C57Bl/6 mice infected with T. brucei brucei, that MIF contributes to tissue pathogenicity by sustaining throughout infection a persistent type I pro-inflammatory chemokine (CXCL1, CCL2) and cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6) response, and by enhancing the recruitment of Ly6C+ monocytes and neutrophils (PMNs) in the liver with concomitant hepatomegaly [19].