Our present study shows that TGF-β1 upregulates co-inhibitory molecules B7-H3 and B7-H4 in the membrane and cytoplasm of colorectal cells via the miR-155/mir-143 axis, which in turn induces T cells to secrete immunosuppressive cytokines to maintain a tumor microenvironment. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.