TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: Treatment with IFN-α has been shown to accelerate tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced apoptosis of tumor cells by upregulating Fas expression [39, 40], and to increase the sensitivity of hepatoma cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by inhibiting NF-κB activation [39, 41, 42] or by inhibiting apoptosis mediated by the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TNFSF10) [43].