AR and cancer: The first cancer-associated lncRNAs to be identified using differential expression profiling of prostate tumors and normal tissue, were prostate cancer associated 3 (PCA3, also called DD3) which is currently used as a biomarker for prostate cancer [8, 9], and prostate-specific transcript 1 (PPCGEM1) which is implicated in androgen receptor transcriptional activation [10, 11].