Genes mediated by BMP signaling (Nakanishi et al., 1997; Parisi et al., 2006; Inai et al., 2013; Chang et al., 2015) were also implicated, including HAS2 and PTX3 which were up-regulated during hyperopia induction and CTGF which was down-regulated during myopia induction. This evidence concerns the gene HAS2 and hyperopia.