MAPK3 and breast carcinoma: Kim et al. 25 reported similar STAT3 pathway inhibition by 6‐shogaol, an active ingredients in ginger that can inhibit the constitutive STAT3 signalling cascade, induce ROS‐mediated JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK1/2 activation, and induce substantial apoptosis via the down‐modulation of gene products that mediate tumour cell survival, proliferation, invasion and metastasis in human breast cancer.