However, we cannot exclude that the plasticity of mature hepatocytes to differentiate in cholangiocytes may justify some common traits acquired during liver carcinogenesis.44, 45 Another potential explanation relies on the evidence that stroma is an important Wnt activator even in tumours, such as CCA, that lack CTNNB1 mutations.27, 35 Thus, further studies are warranted to explore the involvement of the stroma-induced activation of uc.158− driven carcinogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene CTNNB1 and cholangiocarcinoma.