Our data, together with those of other groups, show that PML-NBs could have a dual role in viral infection; on the one hand, the capacity to silence incoming viral DNA, and on the other hand, and following appropriate stimuli, to serve as a nuclear platform for virus reactivation, although during this event the protein content of PML-NBs is likely modified in terms of Daxx and ATRX leaving the nuclear body. The gene discussed is ATRX; the disease is viral infectious disease.