VCAM1 and atherosclerosis: Experimental evidence shows that in humans and animal models of atherosclerosis, one of the observed changes in the endothelium is an increased expression of leukocyte adhesion receptors, such as P-selectin, E-selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 [150,151], which allow monocytes to roll and adhere to the artery wall and then enter the subendothelial space.