In conclusion, although we found no direct association between DICER (rs3742330 and rs13078), DROSHA (rs10719 and rs6877842), RAN (rs14035) and XPO5 (rs11077) polymorphisms and the risk of HCC, we demonstrated that DICER (rs3742330) and RAN (rs14035) are associated with the survival of HCC patients. Here, XPO5 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.