In our previous report, we found that NLRP3 deficiency altered the expression of intestinal epithelial cell-derived antimicrobial peptides, an effect that reduced bacterial killing and was associated with a distinct fecal microbiota profile [6], suggesting that inflammasome signaling within the nonhematopoietic cell compartment may be contributing to the increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is colitis.