Recent in vivo work has demonstrated downregulation of the steroidogenic enzymes Cyp11a1 and Cyp17a1 in the testes of rat fetuses exposed to high-dose paracetamol (350 mg/kg/day) during the MPW (van den Driesche et al., 2015), which is supported by steroidogenic profiling data showing impaired conversion of progesterone to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone by CYP17A1, and possibly other downstream enzymes, in human adrenocortical carcinoma cells exposed to paracetamol in vitro (Holm et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene CYP11A1 and adrenal cortex carcinoma.