Thus, starting from the notion that fresh-frozen material represents a benchmark for WES technique, as a first step we validated the quality of our WES protocol and bioinformatics pipeline on FFPE samples by comparing two paired normal/tumour DNA samples of intestinal lymphomas for which both fresh-frozen and FFPE tissue samples were available (one EATL-II, corresponding to case 1 of our cohort, and one intestinal ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma; Methods and Supplementary Figs 2 and 3). The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is neoplasm.