A NP with an iron oxide core surrounded by a layer of chitosan–polyethylene glycol (PEG)-grafted polyethyleneimine (PEI) copolymer (CP-PEI) and modified with chlorotoxin (CTX) for glioblastoma targeting,successfully delivered plasmid coding human TRAIL to human T98G GBM cells. Here, TNFSF10 is linked to glioblastoma.