These findings underscore the benefits of abrogating TGFβ1 signaling specifically in T lymphocytes as opposed to multiple targets in an undefined way, particularly as non-specific neutralization of TGFβ1 might interfere with its growth inhibitory effects on tumor cells that have not yet evolved to escape anti-proliferative signals conferred by TGFβ1. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.