TGFB1 and cancer: Recently, advances in genetic engineering have enabled creative strategies to overcome this limitation and disrupt TGFβ1 signaling in specific cell populations, and several immunotherapeutic maneuvers have been developed with the aim of preventing TGFβ1-mediated suppression of either: (1) endogenous immune cell populations in the host; or (2) exogenous cells delivered as part of anti-cancer immunizations.