Clinical studies revealed that somatic mutations in GATA3 were frequently detected in early T cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia [13] and that inherited genetic variation in GATA3 is associated with susceptibility to developing lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia [14, 15], suggesting that GATA3 may play an important role in suppressing lymphoid malignancies. The gene discussed is GATA3; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.