ATP7A and Menkes disease: To test for a possible transcriptional regulation of ATP7A and ATP7B, we treated fibroblasts from patients with MD or WD and control fibroblasts with various chemicals and hormones: BCS (copper chelator, Bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt), DEDTC (copper chelator, Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate), CuCl2, Ferrozine (Fe2+ chelator) DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, Fe2+ chelator) and insulin.