TGF-β signaling results in a potent stimulation of expression of a large number of pro-fibrotic genes and in a marked increase in the production of their corresponding proteins [27–29] and has been shown to play a major role in the development of tissue fibrosis in numerous organ-specific and systemic human fibrotic diseases including SSc [30–32]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to systemic sclerosis.