Further, in the scleroderma (SSc) lung and diffuse alveolar damage lung sections, CUX1 localized within the α- smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells (Fragiadaki et al., 2011) [1], “High doses of TGF-beta potently suppress type I collagen via the transcription factor CUX1” (Ikeda et al., 2016) [2]. Here, CUX1 is linked to scleroderma.