Analysis of large data that included 5160 melanoma cases and 12,119 controls revealed that expression of the nine most common MC1R variants, R151C, R160W, D294H, V60L, R142H, D84E, I155T, R163Q, and V92M, increased melanoma risk, and this was observed in darkly pigmented Caucasians (Pasquali et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene MC1R and melanoma.