SHANK3 and premenstrual tension: One strategy is the administration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which has been reported to reverse deficits in synaptic signalling in heterozygous Shank3-deficient mice.10 In a randomized placebo-controlled crossover pilot study, nine children with PMS were treated with daily intraperitoneal IGF-1 injections over a period of 12 weeks.