Figure 9 clearly explains the main scheme of BI-1-induced regulation of insulin resistance. However, recent evidence shows that BI-1 is an inhibitor of the IRE1α branch of the UPR, and interferes with IRE1α endonuclease activity24. Therefore, we compared the binding status of BI-1 with CPR and IRE-1α. In the absence of treatment, the association of BI-1 with CPR and with IRE-1α was confirmed (Fig. S11). This evidence concerns the gene ERN1 and Insulin resistance.