Although proinflammatory chemokines C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed, and presumably secreted (RANTES) have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of TBE patients [10–14], the specific impact on inflammatory responses and the molecular mechanisms that regulate chemokine expression remain to be further addressed. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and tick-borne encephalitis.