The cellular source, cellular target, role in neuroinflammation, and association with neuroinflammatory disorders and other neuroinflammatory markers are presented in the S1 File: Table C. Bielekova et al reported the utility of IL-12p40, CXCL13 and IL-8 as markers of inflammation based on CSF cytokine/chemokine studies in adult patients with multiple sclerosis [23] whereas Kowarik et al reported CXCL13 as a major determinant of inflammation using infectious and autoimmune inflammatory neurological disorders [24]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to multiple sclerosis.