IL-4 CCL11, CCL17, CCL21), Th17 (IL-17A, GM-CSF), B cell molecules (BAFF, APRIL) and other cytokine/chemokines including IL-21, IL-1b, IL-12p40, CCL2 and IL-12p70 were detected in less than 50% of patients with encephalitis. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and viral encephalitis.