The difference between the two groups was found to be highly significant (p<0.001) as shown in Fig 4[A] and Fig 4[D]. We further evaluated the serum level of IL-17A, a Th17 specific pro-inflammatory cytokine and mRNA expression of the cytokines IFN-γ in the T1D patients as represented in Fig 3B and 3C and Fig 4B and 4C respectively. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and type 1 diabetes mellitus.