In particular, IL-10 produced by Tregs or Tr1 cells as well as IL-10 signaling in Tregs is believed to be required for preventing T-cell mediated colitis.[13,15,16] In human, IL-10 has also been confirmed as a susceptibility gene for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).[17] The beneficial effects of IL-10-based therapies to treat IBD in the clinic remain to be determined.[18]. This evidence concerns the gene IL10 and inflammatory bowel disease.