GDF3 and seminoma: Choriocarcinoma-like JAR cells downregulated DPPA3, LIN28, ZFP42, SALL4, DNMT3L and YAP1. TCam-2 cells showed downregulation of NANOG, OCT3/4, DPPA4, GDF3, SPRY4, YAP1, UTF1 as well as LIN28 and further downregulated the seminoma-associated genes SOX17, IGF1 and PRDM1 (Supplementary Data S1D).