Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to ascertain how and to what extent a long-term (one year) IMT intervention would ameliorate HDL dysfunction in obese subjects with T2D; specifically, elucidating if pro-inflammatory HDL and PON1 activity are improved and if they are associated with reductions in MPO, cholesterol, TG, glycaemia, and body mass index (BMI) is most prudent. This evidence concerns the gene PON1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.