Among the 80 genes that were dysregulated in HCCs according to four independent microarrays covering a total of 386 cases of HCC and 327 cases of normal liver tissues, nine genes (CAP2, PTTG1, TOP2A, GMNN, GPC3, UBE2C, UBAP2L, TBCE, and INTS8) were consistently and stably upregulated and 18 genes (CXCL14, VIPR1, CLEC4M, MARCO, CLEC1B, NAT2, FCN2, EGR1, DNASE1L3, MT1F, CRHBP, LCAT, PAMR1, ACSM3, MT1G, MT1X, SRPX, and MT1H) were consistently and stably downregulated in HCC, by least 2-fold (Fig. 1; Table 1). Here, GPC3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.