Some of the dysregulated ASEs that were identified include KRAS, a member of the small GTPase superfamily implicated in various pathologies (such as lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer and colorectal carcinoma), MDM2, a nuclear-localized E3 ubiquitin ligase which can promote tumor formation by targeting tumor suppressor proteins (such as p53) for proteasomal degradation, and BRCA1 which encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, also acts as a tumor suppressor and is frequently mutated in breast and ovarian cancers. Here, KRAS is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.