Our data provide direct demonstration that oral administration of LFs significantly inhibit tumorigenesis in AOM/DSS-induced colons, which is associated with a marked suppression of NFκB and reduced production of pro-inflammatory mediators (iNOS, Cox-2, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α), a response linked to suppression of p-Jak2 and p-Stat3. Here, NOS2 is linked to infectious otitis media.