INS and metabolic syndrome: In this regard, it has been reported that as a result of the decrease in estrogen level, an increase in abdominal adiposity and a decrease in energy expenditure occurs; this causes an increase in the cholesterol and TG concentration, in addition to a significant increase in glucose and insulin concentrations, which may explain the increased frequency of MetS and the risk of cardiovascular disease and death during the post-menopausal period [4,5].